La Zona Del Silencio, or the Zone of Silence, is a patch of desert near the Bolson de Mapimi in Mexico, in a place known as the Trino Vertex. 

The first incident here occurred in the 1930’s when a pilot by the name of Francisco Sarabia was flying over the area and claimed his instruments went wild and his radio stopped working. Later, in the 1970’s, attention was drawn to the area when a faulty American missile was fired from the White Sands Missile Base in New Mexico and crashed—or perhaps was pulled—into the region. The Mexican government allowed U.S. Air Force officials to investigate the crash at the site, which is when the cause became apparent. It was discovered that no signals of any sort are able to penetrate the area—including radio and satellite signals—due to local magnetic fields that create a dark zone, thus attributing to the popular name of the site.

Research has since been done at the site, and the Mexican government has constructed a research complex said to be studying the unusual local habitat and wildlife. Theorists speculate the government is studying more than it is admitting, and there are plenty of anomalies to research in the Zone. One of the many unusual observable properties in this area is its high levels of magnetite and uranium deposits, to which scientists attribute electromagnetic pulses that are said to be the source of the disrupted signals. The area is also a hotbed for meteorites, the remnants of which scientists theorize exude magnetic properties that may explain why so many iron-rich objects from space end up here.

Other, more unexplainable, activity of this nature is reported here, such as the area’s reputation for strange lights, UFO sightings and alien encounters. Some even believe it has been used in the past—and present—as a portal for aliens. Ranchers have cited tales of strange lights and odd strangers that appear from nowhere and claim to come “from above”. In fact, the same three blonde strangers have often been spotted by multiple witnesses. Also, the witnesses of some of the unexplainable flying objects—some being described as ‘disc-like’—that were thought to have landed found physical evidence in the form of burned brush and  vegetation at the touchdown sites.

On an interesting note, the Zone of Silence is geographically parallel with the Egyptian pyramids and the Bermuda Triangle, and is located just north of the Tropic of Cancer. Scientists at the Mexican research center have coined the area the Sea of Thetys because it lay at the bottom of an ocean millions of years ago. Can any of this explain the numerous strange incidents here?

No concrete evidence has been found to support the claims of extraterrestrial activity in this area, though there are undoubtedly several occurrences that cannot be explained. If the Zone has a rare magnetic pull, one has to speculate the extent of the effect it has on the happenings in the area.  Could this area possibly be another Bermuda Triangle of activity? It certainly exhibits much of the same behavior. Add to that the countless testaments of extraterrestrial sightings and this area is certainly a hotbed of activity that requires considerable exploration.

By April Holloway

Related Links:

Beyond Reality: Mexico's Zone of Silence

Mexico's Zone of Silence

The Zone of Silence

Awesome or Off-Putting: The Zone of Silence

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Four hours drive south of Lima Peru one finds the Paracas Peninsula, part of which is an ecological reserve, where one can see wildlife such as sea lions, and a myriad of various sea bird species. The area is amazingly rich in seafood, and abundant fresh water exists just below the surface of the desert sands, suitable for irrigation free agriculture.

Therefore, it would seem to be a very liveable place for humans.  Stone tools, of various forms and styles of shaping have been found in the area, and cursory analysis has established dates of as old as 8000 years. The greatest of Peruvian archaeologists, Julio Tello, made studies in this area in 1928 and performed excavations on the north side of the peninsula, in the central area of the large semi-circular bay there. He discovered and excavated a massive and elaborate graveyard, where each tomb contained an entire family, each one ornately wrapped in multiple layers of highly stylized, woven and coloured cotton cloth. He also found the sand filled remains of subterranean houses, which turned out to be numerous; so numerous in fact, that the village stretched out for between 1 and 2 km just above the seashore.

But, the most amazing finds were the skulls, some enormously elongated. The scientific name for this is dolichocephally. Most skulls exhibiting this condition, found in many parts of the world, were clearly the result of the practice of head-binding, the process being known as cranial deformation. And so how was this achieved?

A very young child’s skull is pliant at birth, and remains in this way for months. It is therefore possible, by lashing a rope around the head, with a board placed at the back of the skull, and perhaps the front as well, to alter the shape of the head over time. Many authors state that the time period to perform this shaping was about 6 months to 3 years, but since the practice is no longer performed to my knowledge, no one really knows. Examples of this technique, supposedly last performed on infants in the Congo of Africa and the Island of Vanuatu in the south Pacific Ocean area known as Melanesia, well into the 20^th century, have also been found in Egypt, during the Amarna period, Sudan, Iraq, Syria, Russia, the island of Malta, as well as many places in Peru and Bolivia, and amongst the Olmecs of Mexico.

What you are capable of doing via this technique is to change the shape of the skull, but not the actual volume; you can alter the shape, but not the size. However, Tello found several skulls, at least 300 at the site called Cerro Colorado adjacent to the main graveyard in Paracas, which had cranial volume larger, and in some cases 25 percent larger (and perhaps more) than a conventional modern human skull. How is this possible? As I have said, deformation can alter shape, but not the volume of bone material.

It is therefore obvious that we are dealing with 2 different phenomena; elongation through binding, and elongation via genetics. The Paracas skulls are the largest found in the world, but from what root race stock would they have originated?  To suggest that the natural elongation was the result of hydrocephaly or some other clinical condition is ridiculous, when one takes into account that again,  at least 300 of them were found by Tello, and no one knows how many are still under the earth, in private collections, or gathering dust in museum warehouses in Peru, and beyond. Hydrocephaly would tend to make the skull expand evenly, making them more round than elongated. What is also intriguing is that these Paracas skulls, on average, weigh 60 percent more than contemporary human skulls from the same area.

Tello believed that the Paracas were related to the people of the Chavin culture, who created the famous megalithic site of Chavin de Huantar, mainly based on the fact that he saw similarities in pottery designs and motifs, especially feline figures. However, to my knowledge, no elongated skulls have been found in the area where the Chavin lived, north of Lima in the Ancash district, so that clearly is not the answer as to their origins. But, since Tello was the expert and main archaeologist at Chavin, where he placed an origin date of at least 3000 years ago, he then simply applied this for the Paracas as well, and no one has dared or bothered to refute his time line until now.

Recent DNA testing, by a German team in 2010 of nearby Nazca skulls, as well as a sampling of Paracas ones, indicate that both the Nazca and Paracas were not genetically related to any other people in what is now known as Peru.

The Paracas people, living by the coast, were clearly fishermen, as evidenced by netting which has been found buried in the sand, as well as ancient middens, which are heaps of sea shells. No actual and extensive carbon 14 dating has been performed on the organic matter of the archaeological sites, and this was certainly not done by Tello, as his work was performed in 1928, whereas carbon 14 dating was not established until the 1940s. Also, very little work has been done at Paracas since the time of Tello, and the subterranean houses have once again filled up with sand.

It seems evident, although unproven at this time, that the Paracas may be the descendants of an earlier culture that were sea farers. Since the Chavin-Paracas link set forth by Tello seems improbable, due to the lack of elongated Chavin skulls, as well as the German DNA testing, it is a worthwhile hypothesis.

I went to the excavation sites, most notably those of the graveyard and adjacent village, which stretches and hugs the shoreline for supposedly 2.5 km, in May of 2011, with the film crew from the US based Ancient Aliens television series. All of the subterranean homes and graves had become filled in with sand, due to the constant wind, blowing in off the ocean.

The site of Cerro Colorado, which was the burial place of the priestly and ruling class of Paracas people, located across the main road which takes visitors through the ecological reserve, is strictly forbidden to visit. This is mainly due to the fact that huaqueros, or grave robbers, have been looting these locations since at least Tello’s time, mainly looking for clay pots, gold and silver figurines, and the finely woven fabrics which the Paracas are famous for having made.

Mr. Juan Navarro, owner and director of the local museum, called the Paracas History Museum, has a fine collection of artefacts from all of the cultures known and believed to have lived in this area, including the Paracas, Nazca, Chincha and Inca. Amongst his displayed collection of stone implements and clay pots is an elongated skull. Upon inquiring as to its age, he stated that he is a firm believer of the time line set forth by Tello, that the skull could possibly be 3000 years old, and not more recent than 2000. That is because the prevailing theory is that the Paracas people died out by about the time of Christ, having been absorbed into the Nazca, who were the next major culture to live there, spreading out from the area that bears their name.

What is intriguing about this, is that we see, from viewing the very large skull collection at the Regional Museum in nearby Ica, that the physical presence of the elongated skulls does dwindle as the time line of the Nazca progresses. This would indicate that either the process of head binding itself died out gradually, and/or that the genetic trait of the elongated cranium faded as fewer and fewer of the Paracas people existed. The Paracas people also seem to have occupied the Nazca area prior to the arrival of the actual Nazca tribal people, and may have been the makers of the famous animal figures on the Nazca plain; the lines themselves having been made later. Amongst the most famous of the figures is one called “The Astronaut,” and it is not only human like in form, but shows signs of having a less than normal shaped head. Whether this was the result of artistic license, or a realistic portrayal is not known.

The only way to establish the actual age, and possible genetic origins of the Paracas people is through DNA analysis of the skulls themselves. Fortunately, Juan Navarro has a somewhat large collection of the elongated skulls in his possession, and just recently put them on display at his museum, due to my urging. Numbering at least 35, and collected as the result of the huaqueros (grave robbers) leaving the skulls abandoned on the surface after looting graves,  Juan has allowed the taking of samples from 5 of the skulls. The samples consisted of hair, including roots, a tooth, skull bone and skin, and this process was carefully documented via photos and video.

The samples were sent to Lloyd Pye in the US, famous as the caretaker of the Star Child skull, who has now delivered the samples to his geneticist in Texas. A further 5 samples, those being molar teeth, one from each of 5 skulls, have just been sent to Mr. Pye, and they will be both DNA as well as C-14 tested, with results to be posted as soon as available.

As I have said, the phenomenon of the elongated skull is not unique to the Paracas area. The Egyptians, at the time of Pharaoh Akhenaton, seem to have exhibited this cranial feature, as did people on the island of Vanuatu in Melanesia, Malta in the Mediterranean, and the Olmec of Mexico, amongst other locations. However, as far as I know, most of these skulls are elongated as the result of artificial binding; whereas a number of the Paracas ones show specific characteristics that would seem to indicate that they were in fact born this way. Of the 5 physical factors, pointed out by Lloyd Pye and myself, which are not at all common to Homo sapiens, are two that I will mention. One is the presence of 2 small holes in the back of the skull, perpendicular to the cranial suture present in the parietal plate of the skull. Every normal human skull is composed of 3 major bone plates; the frontal plate, which ends at the upper part of the forehead, and the 2 parietal plates which lie behind this, intersecting the frontal plate making a “T” shape. The holes are thought by Lloyd to be natural; every human jaw has a small hole on either side which is for nerves and blood vessels to exit and feed the tissue there; these 2 holes at the back of the skull may perform the same function for the elongated skull.

The other factor is that there is only one parietal plate, where there should be two.

David Hatcher Childress and I have recently published a book, delving into the global phenomenon of cranial elongation, entitled, appropriately, “The Enigma Of Cranial Deformation,” which is available both through Amazon.com, as well as David’s publishing company, namely www.adventuresunlimitedpress.com.

I feel very fortunate to be at the forefront of the research of the elongated skulls of Paracas. Recent information suggests that these people were much more wide spread than just the Paracas area. Many related skulls have been found near Tiwanaku Bolivia, as well as Cusco Peru and the surrounding area. Not coincidentally, these areas are also known for their mysterious and masterful ancient megalithic constructions, whose makers are presently unknown. I contend that the megalithic builders were the elongated skull people, but much more research has to be conducted to verify this.

My ongoing on site investigations have shown that the presence of ancient elongated skulls follow quite a precise geographical pattern, from the mining areas to the southeast of Lake Titicaca near Potosi, Bolivia to the city of Cajamarca far to the northwest in Peru. Curiously, the pattern of sites follows what is called the Path of Viracocha, which is the supposed route taken by very intelligent teachers from the distant past who educated the locals that they met the arts and sciences. But more of this in a future article, which will also cover the intriguing elongated skulls found in the vicinity of the Inca capital of Cusco. Special emphasis will be on the Huayqui skeleton, a mummified child whose skull is almost the size of its torso.

Photos and more information about Huayqui, who is under the care of Sr. Renato Davila , can be found if you look for the Andahuaylillas Museum in a web browser, or Museo Privado Ritos Andinos.

Mark Laplume is an artist living in South America who has been making drawings of the Elongated Skulls, found all over the planet, for about 2 years. Through his keen eyes, he is able to give us a glimpse into what these people may have looked like more than 2000 years ago. You can have a look at his web site here.

The Paracas History Museum welcomes anyone to come and explore this phenomenon, and I can be contacted through my website.

By Brien Foerster

In 1912, a Polish-American book dealer named Wilfrid M. Voynich went to Rome on an acquisitions trip. There he happened upon a trunk that contained a rare manuscript now known as the Voynich manuscript. Since its appearance, this document—which is now under lock and key at the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript library at Yale—has been studied extensively and has stumped even the most successful cryptographers and code breakers. You must be asking yourself why the intrigue? The answer is simple: the book is almost entirely illegible.

Very little is known about this book, though it has recently begun to volunteer some of its secrets. What is known about this mysterious book? The 240 vellum, or calfskin paper, pages that remain have been radiocarbon dated back to the early 15^th century—between 1404 and 1438 to be precise—and the pages are numbered up to 116, though probably not by the original author. In fact, entire pages are missing, and sections of the book appear to have been removed or rearranged, with the missing pages probably long gone by the time Voynich discovered it.  Also, the script was penned from left to right, and the author was very familiar with the language as there are no mistakes.

Yet what is unknown still outweighs that which has been discovered about this elusive book. Experts estimate the original text may have contained as many as 272 pages, though who took the pages and why can only be speculated. The author is also unidentified, as is the obscure language used throughout the text. Even many of the illustrations remain enigmatic, as many of the plants portrayed in the book—which are often crudely drawn—are unidentifiable, and the numerous pictures of nude women are involved in inexplicable acts.

The Writings

As previously mentioned, very little can be made of the cryptic language used throughout the text. Many experts believe this was a language constructed by the author to hide secret information, though it does not follow any known code, causing some to speculate that the book is nothing more than an elaborate hoax. The text contains few similarities to established languages, one of which is similar word entropy to both Latin and English. Again, the differences are far more numerous.  Some words only appear in certain sections, some letters only in certain places in words. The repetition of wording is also peculiar, and does not follow any identifiable rhythm. For example, in some places a word can be repeated three times simultaneously. Could this be a language somehow be constructed based on limited recognized etymological and phonetic principles for the sake of concealing knowledge, or is it conceivable to believe it was carefully constructed to deceive readers into thinking that it is hiding valuable information?  While most of this text remains a mystery, the author did include limited Latin script which appears in some of the astronomical charts and the last section of text , though these offer no further clues.

The Illustrations:

Almost every page in the text, except for the section at the end, contains at least one illustration. These illustrations provide a method of division, sectioning the text off into 6 topics: astronomical, biological, cosmological, herbal, pharmaceutical, recipes.

• Astronomical: This section is composed of charts and diagrams. The Latin names for the ten months are included, as well as 12 diagrams that use conventional symbols for the constellations. Each of the 12 diagrams also contains a series of 30 female nudes that, when rotated, actually generates a moving image.
• Biological: This section contains many partial nudes of women among some type of possible pipe work.
• Cosmological: Many circular diagrams can be found here, as well as foldout pages, one of which contains a potential map that spans 6 pages. The inclusion of foldouts is unusual for this period, and suggests that the book was a great expense to the author.
• Herbal: At first glance, this is seemingly similar to other books that describe herbs and their uses. Each page displays a different plant, though many of the plants are unidentifiable, and may be compiled from the parts of various plants. Some of the plants depicted here also appear in the pharmaceutical section.
• Pharmaceutical: This section appears more like an alchemist’s book, containing plant parts and alchemy jars surrounded by what appear to be descriptions.
• Recipes: This section contains short paragraphs separated by stars that seem to function as bullets. 

If this is an attempt to hide secret information, then who did it and why? What was the author hiding…or protecting? To ponder on this question, we first have to identify the originator of the manuscript. Speculation begins with Roger Bacon, an English clergyman and Franciscan monk in the 13^th century referred to as a ‘Doctor Mirabilis’, or the miracle doctor, who was known for his use of experimental research in the study of nature, a.k.a alchemy. In fact, he is mentioned in a letter to Athenasues Cursuer as the original author, which coincidentally increased the value of the manuscript. Bacon was a monk who believed that nature should be studied through systematic experimentation. Some even credit him for his contribution to the formation of the scientific method, though others believe this to be a stretch. The problem with this theory is that it does not coincide with the date provided by radiocarbon testing. If the testing is accurate, then he could not have been the author of the manuscript.

The Voynich manuscript is also thought to have once been in the possession of ‘Jacobj  aTepen’, or Jakub Horcicky of Tepenec, a medical doctor who lived from 1575-1622 and was known far and wide for his herbal medicinal use. His name was discovered on the first page of the manuscript. An attempt had been made to remove it, though a photostatic reproduction revealed its presence; however, the penmanship was not analogous to Tepenec’s signature, and the dating of the book, again, disallows for him to have been the original author.

One idea cannot be disputed, and that is the apparent relation of the book to the practice of alchemy, which would explain the need for secrecy. Alchemy was an early precursor to scientific study and was practiced worldwide, though the practice in Europe became suspect by the Catholic Church, and as history has shown, anything suspect by the church was either driven out or underground. Regardless, alchemy was an obscure and secretive study whose practitioners often used symbols to conceal the study and use of their art. An alchemist was known for his individual ability and skill, and kept his procedures private to retain this repute—like hiding his secret recipes. As far as the practice of alchemy, it was as much an art as it was a science, and the medieval tradition was to represent plants allegorically to show their potential for healing and other uses, which may explain the abstract representations of plants portrayed in the herbal section of the manuscript. It also explains the inclusion of astrological illustrations, as astrology was very important in the use of herbs as treatments.

Despite this fact, growing support for the fraudulence of the book cannot be denied. Gordon Rugg, an English psychologist working at Keele University near Manchester, England, believed that he debunked the authenticity of the book using a method of analysis he developed and termed the ‘verifier method’. This method works according to the verity that many scientific quandaries have been cracked, if you will, by people who were not experts in the field in question. Rugg, in fact, spent a career at studying how specialists functioned in their respective fields so that he could offer them solutions to problem-solving—or fill in the gaps their expertise surpassed. Rugg argues that the author of the manuscript left clues behind to his method, mostly the blank spots and missing pages, so that he would not have to correct mistakes. After all, who would notice if the document was indecipherable? If anything, it would—and did—only add to the mystique of the script.

But why create such a fraud? Money would, naturally, as well as prestige. The intrigue around the book increases the value—much like the way scandal increases the value of…well, anyone—and through time a significant amount of money has been spent for this book. In fact, the Roman emperor Rudolph II (1152-1612)—who believed the book was the work of Roger Bacon—spent the equivalent of about $30,000.00 for it. Yet, who could have done it? Could an expert in books like Voynich have created such an elaborate fraud? Some skeptics believe this could be the case.  While testing has confirmed that the materials used to create the book were those commonly used in the 15^th century, and no trace elements of the 19^th or 20^th century were found—part of one of the arguments for the document’s authenticity—those materials are acquirable even today. This makes falsification of an ‘important’ book possible when executed by the right person.

Many hoax proponents also point to con artist Edward Kelley (1555-1597), who was a known counterfeiter. He worked his way into John Dee’s household as a medium for angels. Dee was the official astrologer of Queen Elizabeth I and Kelley became his scrier. Kelley was also an alchemist who claimed to be able to make gold from copper. Of course, this was another of his rackets.  Now let us connect the dots. Emperor Rudolph II was also one of Kelley’s victims, having bought many of his fraudulent works. In fact, John Dee owned a collection of Roger Bacon’s works. Dee may, in fact, have sold the manuscript to the emperor—a manuscript possibly created by Kelley.

If the radiocarbon dating holds true, none of these scenarios are plausible, putting researchers back at square one. In fact, it seems that the only consistency regarding the Voynich manuscript is the inconsistency it boasts. History or hoax? For now, no one can tell.

By E.C. Rammel

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Voynich Manuscript

The man who cracked the myster of the Voynich Manuscript

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Roger Bacon

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There are many theories about the origins and functions of Stonehenge. Only through exploring the significance of the electromagnetic universe do we begin to understand the implications of this great stone megalith. Revelations have appeared via another great mystery, crop circles but in a formation so obtuse it was largely bypassed.

In 2009 at Manton, Wiltshire, UK, a stand alone pattern appeared. A peculiar stark design, it attracted little in the way of analysis going largely unexplored.

However it is a major key to much crop circle imagery and meaning; that Earth life is affected and effected through cosmic electromagnetic fields.

Curious “abstract” images carved pan globally on stones by our Neolithic ancestors,  of a “Squatting Man,” appear from Arizona, Armenia, Guiana, New Mexico, Spain, Tyrol, The Middle East, Italy, Venezuela and further.  The Squatting Man or derivatives of it appear in practically every culture on Earth, from Mayan, Hopi, Celtic, Vedic, Dogon, San (Southern African bushman) Mediterranean, Polynesian, he is present everywhere in many disguises. Compare the likenesses of Manton 2009 with the Squatting Man petroglyph,  and a laboratory plasma below. Manton 2009 is a schematic of both plasma and rock images.

Why did our ancestors record the Squatting Man? Why has he reappeared in a crop circle?

After exhaustive research, plasma scientist Anthony Perrat of Los Alamos Labs, New Mexico, realised the ancients had witnessed a devastating cosmic event; a plasma storm on a massive scale. This kind of storm, a plasma instability, occurs when gasses can no longer hold their electric charge and collapse, creating a variety of charged shapes and forms. Electrified gas is plasma. The Squatting Man was a column of plasma with several stacked toruses which would have rotated, wavered and warped upwards and down as its charge disseminated. As a mega multi ampere event, it would have been terrifying, magnificent, deadly and beautiful since it exuded gamma radiation. Until Peratt’s discovery the Squatting Man image has been described as a fertility or hunting symbol but the truth is far more compelling. Plasma can be scaled down; what the ancients saw was recreated. in the lab.

Even more remarkable was the discovery that plasmas creates symmetries. Some plasma columns in cross section have 56/28 fold symmetries.  Trained on a metal plate in the lab a familiar imprint formed; the exact same symmetry seen in stone megaliths, the most renowned of course being Stonehenge.  The 56 Aubrey Holes or chalk pits of Stonehenge mark the imprint of a specific plasma column, a cosmic chord of energy or “fohat” as described by ancient Tibetans, meaning the vital cosmic force.

In Vedic literature, the Sanskrit word “sutratma” literally means “thread soul” or that which binds all things together. It is “he who pervades all.” The sutratma is the chord which  conveys the vital force or prana into a body. Earth was injected by a massive plasma sutratma. The immense flow must have travelled from Stonehenge around the globe via telluric pathways.

The stone circle of Avebury shows a similar energetic imprint of a plasma column cross section which is also represented perfectly in the “Owl” crop circle of Woodborough hill 2009.  Similar features appear at Chankillo, Peru, and in Australian aboriginal rock art.

Wandijna: Aboriginal sacred creator

The Australian Aboriginal image of Wandijna, describes a power source. “Kimberley people believe that the Wandjina undertook creative journeys which left the land and all living matter in its present form.”

The Squatting Man and Owl crop circles represent electromagnetic phenomena. Many other crop glyphs indicate electromagnetic fields as ordering phenomena on Earth. Comparisons of crop circle details and electromagnetic conduction at sub atomic level reveal the same patterns. These patterns are found throughout nature as are the substances to conduct them such as the iron in blood and the iron core of Earth. The Squatting Man plasma event of the Neolithic age may have created a specific magnetic field for Earth and its life cargo to remain magnetised and therefore receptive to cosmic influence in the future.

Many crop circle patterns show the hexagonal geometry of carbon, the scaffold of Earth life. Research from Lawrence Berkley Lab’s Advanced Light Source and the Experimental Physics Institute of Leipzig have shown carbon can be permanently magnetized at room temperature via application of a beam of photons. Since a photon is just a unit of light or electromagnetic emanation, celestial events such as plasma columns or “lightning of the gods” impacting Earth will be conducted from the macrocosm to the microcosm in perfect tandem with the nature of the receiver. Work by Russian  scientists Gariaev and Poponin showed DNA is a conductor and storer of light. Our own bodies contain a spiral flow system of essential electricity or kundalini, the “shushumna.”  This energy flows from the highest corresponding location in the pineal gland to the cell. On a celestial scale this “lightning” is dramatic! We are designed to receive it.

Universal mythology abounds with gods who bore weapons of thunder and lightning from above; Indra, Marduk, Zeus, Jupiter, Thor, Perun, Aplu, Lei Gong, Tialoc, Chaac, Set, Sango, Mamaragan are a few. Indra’s weapon, the Vajra or thunderbolt has a specific shape which is also seen in the lab as a stage of a plasma instability.

The top two images are cross sections of lab created plasma and below are various styles of Vajra or thunderbolt weapons seen in ancient art/sculpture.

As the plasma fades it also reveals the chalice shape or Holy Grail. A symbol of vast importance.

Is it possible the Manton Squatting Man crop formation is both telling us something about our evolutionary story? That another Squatting Man may return? There is another sutratma to come? The signs continue to appear.

The beautiful serpentine formation of West Woodhaye, Wilts, UK in 2011  shows us the Herbig Haro object 111 in Orion, a constellation deeply significant in ancient Egyptian cosmology and religion. The plasma jet in this object is twelve light years long. The constellation of Orion is where ancient Egyptians held rebirth and afterlife occurred. Why has the image of a serpentine plasma jet appeared to us now, at the time when scientists

are able to create scaled versions of cosmic events? Is it reminding us of the fundamental cosmic force, celestial kundalini which returns at the passing of great epochs to enliven the planet and its inhabitants?

(Left Image: centre West Woodhaye 2011 www.cropcircleconnector.com)

(Right Image: http://www.thunderbolts.info/wp/2012/02/26/essential-guide-to-the-eu-chapter-9/)

By G. J. Leale

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Few know of the Ahnenerbe organization, a secret society that was created by Heinrich Himmler, Hermann Wirth and Richard Walter Darre—but the names may sound familiar. Herman Wirth was a Dutch historian obsessed with Atlantis, while Walter Darre was the creator of the Nazi ‘Blood and Soil’ ideology, as well as the head of the Race and Settlement Office. As for Himmler, he later became known for his appointment as the leader of the SS (Schutzstaffel).

Officially, Ahnenerbe was registered as a study society for primordial intellectual history and German Ancestral Heritage. Yet the organization was funded by members and the 3^rd Reich, and its true goal was to research the cultural history and characteristics of the Aryan race in an effort to prove that they were a god-like advanced race from which Germans were descended. (One of Himmler’s dreams was to create a new religion that would replace the Christian religion in Germany.) For that purpose, Ahnenerbe, who was integrated into the SS at about 1940, fulfilled numerous missions all over the world to search for rare relics, mythical places and ancient texts. The organization had many (50) different branches dealing with more than one hundred research projects total. Some of the branches were responsible for research in Tibet, India and archaeological expeditions. Archaeological excavations were conducted in Germany, Greece, Poland, Iceland, Rumania, Croatia and many other countries, including Africa and Russia (the occupied section). Tibet was especially a priority for the researches, and specifically the Institute for inner Asian Research.

One of the research Institutes of Ahnenerbe was dealing with the World Ice Theory, which has suggested that there are several moons in different orbits around Earth, and the approach of those planetary objects resulted in polar shifts and cataclysmic events. Scientists in the Organization also supported that Earth was created when a giant chunk of ice collided with the Sun.

Ahnenerbe also intensively searched for Atlantis and the Holy Grail all over the world.

Apart from history exploration, Ahnenerbe also conducted top-secret experiments with new technologies, some of which are thought to have involved artefacts or ancient texts that have been discovered during these expeditions. Furthermore, notorious experiments were also performed on live human beings.

The intensive work of the Organization in so many fields leaves us wondering where all this knowledge has gone. The last center at which Ahnenerbe’s work was located was in the village Waischenfeld in Bavaria. According to the information that is available, before the fortress fell into the hands of the Americans, a large number of documents were destroyed.

All the artefacts that Ahnenerbe’s organization had recovered, along with the wealth of ancient texts, information and research have forever been lost, or so we have been led to believe.

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It was in April 1561 when all residents of Nuremberg, Germany, came out of their houses to investigate mysterious lights and loud sounds. They watched the sky, panicked, witnessing some kind of battle—and all of this in daylight.

The event lasted for about one hour. Artist Hans Glaser documented this strange event for the German Nuremberg Gazette. Describing the event, he refers to crosses, tubes, wheels, multi-coloured objects and globes over the city. Hundreds of them. Objects would disappear in smoke, some even crashing into the ground. The smoke was visible for miles.

Some would dismiss all of this to the appearance of meteors or comets, even other natural events, but the uniqueness of the Nuremberg incident eliminates such interpretations.

…the dreadful apparition filled the morning sky with cylindrical shapes from which emerged black, red, orange and blue-white spheres that darted about. Between the spheres, there were crosses with the color of blood. This frightful spectacle was witnessed by ‘numerous men and women.’ Afterwards, a black, spear-like object appeared. The author of the Gazette warned that ‘the God-fearing will by no means discard these signs, but will take it to heart as a warning of their merciful Father in heaven, will mend their lives and faithfully beg God, that he avert His wrath, including the well-deserved punishment, on us, so that we may, temporarily here and perpetually there, live as His children.’-Abstract from the Nuremberg Gazette.

A few years later, in 1566, another similar event took place in Basel, Switzerland, but this time it involved black orbs in a sky skirmish above the city. That event was also recorder at the time in the city’s gazette.

Another similar event took place in 1697 in Hamburg, Germany, where the crowd watched two enormous glowing wheels in the sky above the city.

Unfortunately, there were no cameras available back then to take photos or videos of the events, so newspaper references and drawings are our only evidence and remain open to the interpretations of many.

Chris White has recently made a failed effort to debunk the Nuremberg event to sky reflections and the ‘sun dog’ lighting effect produced by the Sun, without offering any explanations for the sounds, the crashed objects or the smoke, and merely hypothesizing that these  particulars could simply be either the imagination of the people or nothing at all. However, the ‘sun dog’ lighting effect does not explain any movement in the sky, any interaction, sound or smoke!

Is it possible that the entire event never happened and the newspaper reference was just a joke? We will probably not know until someone deeply investigates the historical evidence, including Nuremberg and other references. After all, an event like this must have been mentioned somewhere else too.

Unfortunately, people like Chris try to extend their ‘evidence’ by presenting personal opinions instead of presenting evidence that supports the opposite argument, operating with the sole purpose of debunking for debunking’s sake and undermining other people’s work, as well as the people witnessing the events. In doing so it appears that they seek acceptance, which in a way makes me feel sorry for them. I wonder if there is another agenda behind these kinds of efforts, or just a psychological need.

It is up to you to choose what to believe, but use the evidence and take it further, and above all investigate to find the truth.

By John Black

Related Links

A UFO is still a UFO

Nuremberg 1561

UFO battle over Nuremberg

Nuremburg UFO Battle Debunked

Related Books

Related Videos

On August 15^th, 1977, astronomer Jerry Ehman working on the SETI project in Ohio, detected for the first and last time (at least officially) a 72 second signal coming from outer space. That was a monumental time in history and the event got the attention of everyone.

SETI (Search for Extra-terrestrial Intelligence) was established by the late 1970 at the Ames Research Center of NASA and the NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California. The goal was to examine stars trying to detect intelligent signals from space. However it was 2 decades later that NASA stopped being involved in the project.

However, on August 15^th 1977, the magical moment happened. The ‘Big Ear’ radio telescope of the Ohio State University Radio Observatory spotted an intelligent signal coming from the direction of the constellation of Sagittarius and its duration was seventy two seconds at the frequency of 1420.4056 MHz. The signal was named the ‘Wow! Signal’ because of the note that Jerry Ehman took when he noticed the numbers identifying the signal on the computer printout.

The signal appeared in a very narrow band of frequencies (less than 10kHz) and the analysis performed on the signal proved that it originated outside our solar system. The signal at its strongest point was more than 30 times stronger than background noise. The signal strength remained constant within an observing window of 10 seconds. Unfortunately the signal was observed only once and never since then, even if later on the focus of SETI for many months was the constellation of Sagittarius.

What is interesting is that the frequency of 1420.4056 MHz, is the frequency of the neutral hydrogen line and as Ehman suggested, it would make sense for an alien civilization to try to communicate at that frequency, since hydrogen is abundant in the universe.

Could all those events be random, man made or just reflections from objects in space as a few sceptics suggested? The answer is ‘No’ with a 99% probability. Unfortunately due to the lack of a repeated signal or another similar signal since then we cannot identify the purpose of the signal or the exact location of it. If something like this would happen today we would have much more information and much more data to identify not only the source but possibly even a message hidden in the signal.

By John Black

References

Big Ear

SETI

Deep in north central New Mexico is the sleepy little town of Dulce.  Dulce is located on the Archuleta Mesa on the Colorado - New Mexico Border.  It is home to about 3000 residents and is the capitol of the Jicarilla Apache Nation.  For as small and as insignificant as this remote location may sound, it became the center of controversy in the early 1980's.  Physicist and inventor, Paul Bennewitz claimed he had discovered an underground base occupied by extraterrestrials near Dulce.  His story quickly spread through the UFO community.  Allegations th at surround the base include human abductions ("alien abductions") by these extraterrestrial beings.  He also asserted that the extraterrestrials were engaging in the development of advanced technology including genetic manipulation.  Their plan, according to Conspiracy Theorists, is to control the government and gain ultimate control of the Earth by means of a New World Order.  Stories have emerged regarding an untoward alliance between humans and the inhabitants of the Dulce base which include ties to shadow governments via secret societies such as the Illuminati, the Masons, the Bilderberg Group and the Skull and Bones. 

Dulce is not the only place on earth where it is believed underground bases exist, but it is the one which has received the greatest notoriety in recent times.  Subterranean bases, according to Conspira cy Theorists, can be found around the world with major active outposts all across the United States, Australia, Antarctica and South America.  These bases are connected to each other via a series of channels which connect one base to another.  There are even assertions that one of these tunnels leads to an active base beneath the Vatican which has been exerting control over western civilization for centuries.

A wealth of information regarding this subject has recently surfaced that seemingly reaches across vast extremes.  And as strange as all of this may sound, could any of what they say be true?  We turn to mythology in the search for answers.  It must be stated before we move on, that mythology, like many of the claims that come from the UFO community is treated more like science fiction rather than fact.  Traditional mythologists contend that the gods we f ind in myth represent the forces of nature or the creation of someone's vivid imagination.  With that said, does mythology support these seemingly outlandish claims? 

Stories of underground realms occupied by "the gods" pervade mythology.  Depending on the culture, it has been called Hades, Tartarus, Xibalba, Duat, Patala and Hell.  These "homes of the gods", are not always found deep within the earth, but are sometimes described as being within a mountain or deep beneath the waters of the earth.  Access to their domain, regardless of locality, is often described as located through the mouth of a cave.  The entrance may appear open at one time and then disappear from view completely and instantaneously.  The inhabitants of these underground realms did not desire to be visited by unwanted nor unexpecte d company, yet access was granted to select individuals.

According to ancient texts, entrance into the underworld was anything but easy.  The Mayan Popul Vuh, for example, describes the route taken by the hero brothers Hunhun-Ahpu and Vukub-Hunapu.  It tells of a steep descent into the home of the Lords of Xibalba and the many challenges they had to face.  Similarly, texts such as the Egyptian Book Of The Dead, describe the path by which the deceased god-King must travel to enter Duat.  Like the Popul Vuh, the path is fraught with challenges the individual must pass in order to enter the realm of the dead, the underworld.  The Vishnu Purana states that the deepest level of the underworld, Patala, can be found 70,000 yojanas beneath the surface of the earth.  Gilgamesh, in the epic bearing his name, is described as traveling twel ve leagues in the dense darkness until he arrived in the light filled chamber of the underworld.

The underground domains of the gods are described as filled with houses or vast halls where thousands of individuals could assemble.  Fountains, plants, tall grasses, trees and animals of all kinds filled this land.  The divine ascetic, Narada, who is featured in the Vishnu Purana claims to have visited Patala.  "Patala was much more charming than heaven. He exclaimed "What can be compared with Patala where Nagas (serpents) are adorned with beautiful and brilliant and pleasure-diffusing gems? This region is embellished with the daughters of Daityas and Danavas.". 

Similar descriptions of the underground/underwater homes of the gods are scattered through mythology.  The home of the Sumerian fertility god Enki, which is located in the watery deep, is described as having his house built of gold, silver and lapis lazuli.  Even writers, such as Greek philosopher Plato, echo this notion.  He believed that the earth was littered with a number of hollows that were full of water, air, trees, fruits and flowers. 

Surprisingly, Plato confirms yet another claim made by modern UFOlogy.  Plato goes on to state that these hollows were connected to one another by subterranean channels.  But Plato isn't the only one who refers to tunnels that lie beneath the surface of the ear th.  Inca legends tell of vast networks of tunnels that crisscross the length and breadth of the planet, complete with underground cities.  When Pizarro and the Spanish conquistadors entered Peru, they kidnapped the Inca emperor Atahualpha and held him for ransom.  They demanded enough gold to fill a room in return for Atahualpha's release.  Pizarro's men heard rumors that the Inca gold was being held in a vast network of subterranean tunnels.  The tunnels were thousands of years old and ran for miles beneath the Inca capitol.  In more recent years adventurers who have hazarded into the caverns beneath Cusco entered but were never seen again.  One man actually did make it out of the tunnels alive and he brought with him two bars of gold.  According to officials he had gone mad.  The entrances to the tunnels were then walled up for safety's sake - at least that is the official story.  The Apache Indians report that their ancestors took refuge in ancient tunnels during a cataclysmic disaster on the earth.  They wandered these immense passageways for years carrying the seeds for life in the new world.  

But what about the other claim made by UFOlgists regarding these bases being used for genetic engineering?  According to their assertions it is in the lowest level, the 7th level, of the Dulce base that the extraterrestrials are engaging in this kind of experimentation. 

Again, mythology supports this premise.  Native American tribes across the country are the most vocal when it comes to this topic.  The Jicarilla Apache (whose headquarters is in Dulce), the Navaho and Hopi Indians have long-standing traditions of man's creation and emergence from beneath the surface of the earth.  The Algonquians recount "Thus did the lowermost world-cave become overfilled with living things, full of unfinished creatures, crawling like reptiles over one another in dark blackness."  In this matter they do not stand alone.  Berosus, a Babylonian priest, tells of the hideous creatures that inhabit this underground realm.  He described men who had one body but two heads, some with the legs and horns of a goat and even some with the hind quarters of a horse and the body of a man.  "In short, there were creatures in which were combined the limbs of every species of animal."

These genetic experiments are, according to reports from UFO advocates, being conducted by a grou p of reptilian beings in the lowest levels of the base.  Thomas Castello, a former senior security officer at the base, testified that the base at Dulce is a seven level underground facility with the lower levels described as a series of natural caverns.  It was believed by Castello that these caverns were used by different extraterrestrial races in our remote past.  In Hindu cosmology, the Naga (serpents) once lived on earth, but the great god Brahma sent them to live under the sea and in the seventh level of their underground realm called Patala.  In the Sumerian Inana's Descent To The Nether World, Inana is required to pass through seven gates to finally reach the bowels of the underworld.  Aztec legend says that Quetzalcoatl, the feathered serpent, went to Mictlan, the Aztec Underworld, and created mankind using his own blood and the bones of the previous race.  Throughout mythology the act of creating humanity is always associated with a specific group of gods, the fertility gods.  Fertility gods around the world are traditionally depicted as reptilian or amphibious in nature and appear in art as a blend between a man and a fish or a man and a snake.

A number of individuals also argue the Reptilian's true agenda is to control us, with the objective to dominate the planet.  They cite the development of a New World Order.  Proponents of this theory believe that the Reptilians, or the byproduct of their genetic manipulation experiments, intend to take control of the earth's surface.  This takeover is being orchestrated by an extremely powerful and influential group which includes many of the world's wealthiest people.  Some claim members of this elite group are actually genetically related to each other.  Their goal is to have every man, woman and child on the earth obedient to their covert agenda. The Reptilians are also accused of wanting to reduce the population on the earth and are employing weapons such as chemt rails, GMO's, vaccinations and man-made viruses to reduce our numbers.  It is contended that it is easier to control 500,000 or a million individuals than it is the 7 billion who currently live on the earth. 

A look into mythology relative to this claim does have a few pillars of support.  The idea of culling the human population on Earth is not a modern concept.  In the Sumerian Epic of Atrahasis we find a story where the gods do just that!  Twelve hundred years after the creation of mankind the number of people who inhabited the Earth grew.  Their "noise" disturbed the Sky god Enlil's sleep.  Enlil decided to send a plague in order reduce the population.  This worked for a while but when another 1200 years passed the populati on had grown again and Enlil was once more bothered by the noise.  This time, in order to decrease their numbers, he gets the Thunder-rain god Adad to hold back the rains and the world suffered from a great drought where vast numbers died.  The population continues to grow, and by the time another 1200 years pass the noise became too much for Enlil to bear.  Wanting to alleviate his problem he tells the gods to hold back all of nature's gifts.  This went on for six years and as the texts describe, the people of Earth were reduced to cannibalism in order to survive.  The Fertility god, Enki, tried to save the people from starvation.  This angered Enlil even more.  Finally Enlil, in an act of vengeance, decided to destroy mankind once and for all.  He planned to do this by flooding the world.  Enki, once again steped in and saved humanity from total annihilation.  He warned Atrahasis of the impending flood and told him t o build a boat to save himself and his family.

Torrents of theories have come forward as we seek the truth regarding our place in the universe.  Mythology does lend itself to support a number of these claims.  It is difficult to determine if the creators of these theories based their conjecture using myth as their foundation, first hand experiences, or, something else.  What does seem evident is that much of the information UFO researchers are bringing to light does parallel the myths and legends that have passed to us from antiquity.  Bringing this idea full circle; if the stories being unearthed in the UFO community were not based on mythological sources, yet mythology su pports these claims, then the stories of our distant past may have a basis in fact.  It implies that the gods were living breathing beings who walked the earth in our remote past, created man and played an essential role in the development of life and culture on the planet.

By  Dr. Rita Louise

About The Author

Bestselling author and Medical Intuitive, Dr. Rita Louise is the host of Just Energy Radio and the Founder of the Institute Of Applied Energetics. She is the author of the books Man-Made: The Chronicles Of Our Extraterrestrial Gods, Avoiding The Cosmic 2X4, Dark Angels: An Insider's Guide To Ghosts, Spirits & Attached Entitiesand The Power Within as well as hundreds of articles that have been published worldwide. She has appeared on radio and television and has spoken at conferences covering topics such as health and healing, ghosts, intuition, ancient mysteries and the paranormal.  For more information about Dr. Rita please visit http://www.soulhealer.com or listen to her live at http://www.justenergyradio.com.

Many will be familiar with the opening scene of “Raiders of the Lost Ark” where a giant stone sphere nearly crushes Indiana Jones to death. While everyone recognises the movie as a work of fiction, the giant ancient stone spheres are not.

While clearing the jungle for banana plantations in 1940 in Costa Rica's Diquis Delta region, employees of the United Fruit Company uncovered numerous large stone spheres partly buried in the forest floor. 

Almost immediately, the mysterious spheres became prized ornaments, ending up on the front yards of government buildings and fruit company executives throughout Costa Rica. Many spheres were also broken or damaged and others were dynamited in a time when few realised their archaeological value.

According to John Hoopes, associate professor of anthropology and director of the Global Indigenous Nations Studies Program, around 300 spheres are known to exist, with the largest weighing 16 tonnes and measuring eight feet in diameter, and the smallest being no bigger than a basketball. Almost all of them are made of granodiorite, a hard, igneous stone.

Since their discovery the true purpose of the spheres, which still eludes experts, has been the subject of speculation ranging from theories about the balls being navigational aids, to relics related to Stonehenge, the product of an unknown ancient civilization or visits from extraterrestrials.

Part of the mystery surrounds the way in which they were created as the near-perfect spheres appear to have come from a quarry that was more than 50 miles away and they were created in a time in which metal tools had apparently not been invented yet as it is estimated that the stones were made around 600 AD. However, the dating method for stones is speculative in itself as it really only reveals the latest use of the spheres not when they were first created.

"These objects can be used for centuries and are still sitting where they are after a thousand years. So it's very difficult to say exactly when they were made," explained Hoopes.

However, the biggest mystery remains what they were used for. "We really don't know why they were made," Hoopes said. "The people who made them didn't leave any written records. We're left to archaeological data to try to reconstruct the context. The culture of the people who made them became extinct shortly after the Spanish conquest. So, there are no myths or legends or other stories that are told by the indigenous people of Costa Rica about why they made these spheres."

Much like the Easter Island moai, one theory assumes that the spheres were simply status symbols. The stones, which are now protected by UNESCO, also might have been arranged into massive patterns that had astronomical significance as many of the balls were found to be in alignments, consisting of straight and curved lines, as well as triangles and parallelograms. Since almost every sphere has been moved from its original location, however, researchers are sceptical that the true meaning of the spheres will ever be discovered.

Related Links

Mysterious Stone Spheres in Costa Rica Investigated

World Mysteries - Spheres of Costa Rica

Related Videos

On August 15^th, 1977, astronomer Jerry Ehman working on the SETI project in Ohio, detected for the first and last time (at least officially) a 72 second signal coming from outer space. That was a monumental time in history and the event got the attention of everyone.

SETI (Search for Extra-terrestrial Intelligence) was established by the late 1970 at the Ames Research Center of NASA and the NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California. The goal was to examine stars trying to detect intelligent signals from space. However it was 2 decades later that NASA stopped being involved in the project.

However, on August 15^th 1977, the magical moment happened. The ‘Big Ear’ radio telescope of the Ohio State University Radio Observatory spotted an intelligent signal coming from the direction of the constellation of Sagittarius and its duration was seventy two seconds at the frequency of 1420.4056 MHz. The signal was named the ‘Wow! Signal’ because of the note that Jerry Ehman took when he noticed the numbers identifying the signal on the computer printout.

The signal appeared in a very narrow band of frequencies (less than 10kHz) and the analysis performed on the signal proved that it originated outside our solar system. The signal at its strongest point was more than 30 times stronger than background noise. The signal strength remained constant within an observing window of 10 seconds. Unfortunately the signal was observed only once and never since then, even if later on the focus of SETI for many months was the constellation of Sagittarius.

What is interesting is that the frequency of 1420.4056 MHz, is the frequency of the neutral hydrogen line and as Ehman suggested, it would make sense for an alien civilization to try to communicate at that frequency, since hydrogen is abundant in the universe.

Could all those events be random, man made or just reflections from objects in space as a few sceptics suggested? The answer is ‘No’ with a 99% probability. Unfortunately due to the lack of a repeated signal or another similar signal since then we cannot identify the purpose of the signal or the exact location of it. If something like this would happen today we would have much more information and much more data to identify not only the source but possibly even a message hidden in the signal.

By John Black

References

Big Ear

SETI

Deep in north central New Mexico is the sleepy little town of Dulce.  Dulce is located on the Archuleta Mesa on the Colorado - New Mexico Border.  It is home to about 3000 residents and is the capitol of the Jicarilla Apache Nation.  For as small and as insignificant as this remote location may sound, it became the center of controversy in the early 1980's.  Physicist and inventor, Paul Bennewitz claimed he had discovered an underground base occupied by extraterrestrials near Dulce.  His story quickly spread through the UFO community.  Allegations th at surround the base include human abductions ("alien abductions") by these extraterrestrial beings.  He also asserted that the extraterrestrials were engaging in the development of advanced technology including genetic manipulation.  Their plan, according to Conspiracy Theorists, is to control the government and gain ultimate control of the Earth by means of a New World Order.  Stories have emerged regarding an untoward alliance between humans and the inhabitants of the Dulce base which include ties to shadow governments via secret societies such as the Illuminati, the Masons, the Bilderberg Group and the Skull and Bones. 

Dulce is not the only place on earth where it is believed underground bases exist, but it is the one which has received the greatest notoriety in recent times.  Subterranean bases, according to Conspira cy Theorists, can be found around the world with major active outposts all across the United States, Australia, Antarctica and South America.  These bases are connected to each other via a series of channels which connect one base to another.  There are even assertions that one of these tunnels leads to an active base beneath the Vatican which has been exerting control over western civilization for centuries.

A wealth of information regarding this subject has recently surfaced that seemingly reaches across vast extremes.  And as strange as all of this may sound, could any of what they say be true?  We turn to mythology in the search for answers.  It must be stated before we move on, that mythology, like many of the claims that come from the UFO community is treated more like science fiction rather than fact.  Traditional mythologists contend that the gods we f ind in myth represent the forces of nature or the creation of someone's vivid imagination.  With that said, does mythology support these seemingly outlandish claims? 

Stories of underground realms occupied by "the gods" pervade mythology.  Depending on the culture, it has been called Hades, Tartarus, Xibalba, Duat, Patala and Hell.  These "homes of the gods", are not always found deep within the earth, but are sometimes described as being within a mountain or deep beneath the waters of the earth.  Access to their domain, regardless of locality, is often described as located through the mouth of a cave.  The entrance may appear open at one time and then disappear from view completely and instantaneously.  The inhabitants of these underground realms did not desire to be visited by unwanted nor unexpecte d company, yet access was granted to select individuals.

According to ancient texts, entrance into the underworld was anything but easy.  The Mayan Popul Vuh, for example, describes the route taken by the hero brothers Hunhun-Ahpu and Vukub-Hunapu.  It tells of a steep descent into the home of the Lords of Xibalba and the many challenges they had to face.  Similarly, texts such as the Egyptian Book Of The Dead, describe the path by which the deceased god-King must travel to enter Duat.  Like the Popul Vuh, the path is fraught with challenges the individual must pass in order to enter the realm of the dead, the underworld.  The Vishnu Purana states that the deepest level of the underworld, Patala, can be found 70,000 yojanas beneath the surface of the earth.  Gilgamesh, in the epic bearing his name, is described as traveling twel ve leagues in the dense darkness until he arrived in the light filled chamber of the underworld.

The underground domains of the gods are described as filled with houses or vast halls where thousands of individuals could assemble.  Fountains, plants, tall grasses, trees and animals of all kinds filled this land.  The divine ascetic, Narada, who is featured in the Vishnu Purana claims to have visited Patala.  "Patala was much more charming than heaven. He exclaimed "What can be compared with Patala where Nagas (serpents) are adorned with beautiful and brilliant and pleasure-diffusing gems? This region is embellished with the daughters of Daityas and Danavas.". 

Similar descriptions of the underground/underwater homes of the gods are scattered through mythology.  The home of the Sumerian fertility god Enki, which is located in the watery deep, is described as having his house built of gold, silver and lapis lazuli.  Even writers, such as Greek philosopher Plato, echo this notion.  He believed that the earth was littered with a number of hollows that were full of water, air, trees, fruits and flowers. 

Surprisingly, Plato confirms yet another claim made by modern UFOlogy.  Plato goes on to state that these hollows were connected to one another by subterranean channels.  But Plato isn't the only one who refers to tunnels that lie beneath the surface of the ear th.  Inca legends tell of vast networks of tunnels that crisscross the length and breadth of the planet, complete with underground cities.  When Pizarro and the Spanish conquistadors entered Peru, they kidnapped the Inca emperor Atahualpha and held him for ransom.  They demanded enough gold to fill a room in return for Atahualpha's release.  Pizarro's men heard rumors that the Inca gold was being held in a vast network of subterranean tunnels.  The tunnels were thousands of years old and ran for miles beneath the Inca capitol.  In more recent years adventurers who have hazarded into the caverns beneath Cusco entered but were never seen again.  One man actually did make it out of the tunnels alive and he brought with him two bars of gold.  According to officials he had gone mad.  The entrances to the tunnels were then walled up for safety's sake - at least that is the official story.  The Apache Indians report that their ancestors took refuge in ancient tunnels during a cataclysmic disaster on the earth.  They wandered these immense passageways for years carrying the seeds for life in the new world.  

But what about the other claim made by UFOlgists regarding these bases being used for genetic engineering?  According to their assertions it is in the lowest level, the 7th level, of the Dulce base that the extraterrestrials are engaging in this kind of experimentation. 

Again, mythology supports this premise.  Native American tribes across the country are the most vocal when it comes to this topic.  The Jicarilla Apache (whose headquarters is in Dulce), the Navaho and Hopi Indians have long-standing traditions of man's creation and emergence from beneath the surface of the earth.  The Algonquians recount "Thus did the lowermost world-cave become overfilled with living things, full of unfinished creatures, crawling like reptiles over one another in dark blackness."  In this matter they do not stand alone.  Berosus, a Babylonian priest, tells of the hideous creatures that inhabit this underground realm.  He described men who had one body but two heads, some with the legs and horns of a goat and even some with the hind quarters of a horse and the body of a man.  "In short, there were creatures in which were combined the limbs of every species of animal."

These genetic experiments are, according to reports from UFO advocates, being conducted by a grou p of reptilian beings in the lowest levels of the base.  Thomas Castello, a former senior security officer at the base, testified that the base at Dulce is a seven level underground facility with the lower levels described as a series of natural caverns.  It was believed by Castello that these caverns were used by different extraterrestrial races in our remote past.  In Hindu cosmology, the Naga (serpents) once lived on earth, but the great god Brahma sent them to live under the sea and in the seventh level of their underground realm called Patala.  In the Sumerian Inana's Descent To The Nether World, Inana is required to pass through seven gates to finally reach the bowels of the underworld.  Aztec legend says that Quetzalcoatl, the feathered serpent, went to Mictlan, the Aztec Underworld, and created mankind using his own blood and the bones of the previous race.  Throughout mythology the act of creating humanity is always associated with a specific group of gods, the fertility gods.  Fertility gods around the world are traditionally depicted as reptilian or amphibious in nature and appear in art as a blend between a man and a fish or a man and a snake.

A number of individuals also argue the Reptilian's true agenda is to control us, with the objective to dominate the planet.  They cite the development of a New World Order.  Proponents of this theory believe that the Reptilians, or the byproduct of their genetic manipulation experiments, intend to take control of the earth's surface.  This takeover is being orchestrated by an extremely powerful and influential group which includes many of the world's wealthiest people.  Some claim members of this elite group are actually genetically related to each other.  Their goal is to have every man, woman and child on the earth obedient to their covert agenda. The Reptilians are also accused of wanting to reduce the population on the earth and are employing weapons such as chemt rails, GMO's, vaccinations and man-made viruses to reduce our numbers.  It is contended that it is easier to control 500,000 or a million individuals than it is the 7 billion who currently live on the earth. 

A look into mythology relative to this claim does have a few pillars of support.  The idea of culling the human population on Earth is not a modern concept.  In the Sumerian Epic of Atrahasis we find a story where the gods do just that!  Twelve hundred years after the creation of mankind the number of people who inhabited the Earth grew.  Their "noise" disturbed the Sky god Enlil's sleep.  Enlil decided to send a plague in order reduce the population.  This worked for a while but when another 1200 years passed the populati on had grown again and Enlil was once more bothered by the noise.  This time, in order to decrease their numbers, he gets the Thunder-rain god Adad to hold back the rains and the world suffered from a great drought where vast numbers died.  The population continues to grow, and by the time another 1200 years pass the noise became too much for Enlil to bear.  Wanting to alleviate his problem he tells the gods to hold back all of nature's gifts.  This went on for six years and as the texts describe, the people of Earth were reduced to cannibalism in order to survive.  The Fertility god, Enki, tried to save the people from starvation.  This angered Enlil even more.  Finally Enlil, in an act of vengeance, decided to destroy mankind once and for all.  He planned to do this by flooding the world.  Enki, once again steped in and saved humanity from total annihilation.  He warned Atrahasis of the impending flood and told him t o build a boat to save himself and his family.

Torrents of theories have come forward as we seek the truth regarding our place in the universe.  Mythology does lend itself to support a number of these claims.  It is difficult to determine if the creators of these theories based their conjecture using myth as their foundation, first hand experiences, or, something else.  What does seem evident is that much of the information UFO researchers are bringing to light does parallel the myths and legends that have passed to us from antiquity.  Bringing this idea full circle; if the stories being unearthed in the UFO community were not based on mythological sources, yet mythology su pports these claims, then the stories of our distant past may have a basis in fact.  It implies that the gods were living breathing beings who walked the earth in our remote past, created man and played an essential role in the development of life and culture on the planet.

By  Dr. Rita Louise

About The Author

Bestselling author and Medical Intuitive, Dr. Rita Louise is the host of Just Energy Radio and the Founder of the Institute Of Applied Energetics. She is the author of the books Man-Made: The Chronicles Of Our Extraterrestrial Gods, Avoiding The Cosmic 2X4, Dark Angels: An Insider's Guide To Ghosts, Spirits & Attached Entitiesand The Power Within as well as hundreds of articles that have been published worldwide. She has appeared on radio and television and has spoken at conferences covering topics such as health and healing, ghosts, intuition, ancient mysteries and the paranormal.  For more information about Dr. Rita please visit http://www.soulhealer.com or listen to her live at http://www.justenergyradio.com.

Many will be familiar with the opening scene of “Raiders of the Lost Ark” where a giant stone sphere nearly crushes Indiana Jones to death. While everyone recognises the movie as a work of fiction, the giant ancient stone spheres are not.

While clearing the jungle for banana plantations in 1940 in Costa Rica's Diquis Delta region, employees of the United Fruit Company uncovered numerous large stone spheres partly buried in the forest floor. 

Almost immediately, the mysterious spheres became prized ornaments, ending up on the front yards of government buildings and fruit company executives throughout Costa Rica. Many spheres were also broken or damaged and others were dynamited in a time when few realised their archaeological value.

According to John Hoopes, associate professor of anthropology and director of the Global Indigenous Nations Studies Program, around 300 spheres are known to exist, with the largest weighing 16 tonnes and measuring eight feet in diameter, and the smallest being no bigger than a basketball. Almost all of them are made of granodiorite, a hard, igneous stone.

Since their discovery the true purpose of the spheres, which still eludes experts, has been the subject of speculation ranging from theories about the balls being navigational aids, to relics related to Stonehenge, the product of an unknown ancient civilization or visits from extraterrestrials.

Part of the mystery surrounds the way in which they were created as the near-perfect spheres appear to have come from a quarry that was more than 50 miles away and they were created in a time in which metal tools had apparently not been invented yet as it is estimated that the stones were made around 600 AD. However, the dating method for stones is speculative in itself as it really only reveals the latest use of the spheres not when they were first created.

"These objects can be used for centuries and are still sitting where they are after a thousand years. So it's very difficult to say exactly when they were made," explained Hoopes.

However, the biggest mystery remains what they were used for. "We really don't know why they were made," Hoopes said. "The people who made them didn't leave any written records. We're left to archaeological data to try to reconstruct the context. The culture of the people who made them became extinct shortly after the Spanish conquest. So, there are no myths or legends or other stories that are told by the indigenous people of Costa Rica about why they made these spheres."

Much like the Easter Island moai, one theory assumes that the spheres were simply status symbols. The stones, which are now protected by UNESCO, also might have been arranged into massive patterns that had astronomical significance as many of the balls were found to be in alignments, consisting of straight and curved lines, as well as triangles and parallelograms. Since almost every sphere has been moved from its original location, however, researchers are sceptical that the true meaning of the spheres will ever be discovered.

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The Dropa stones are said to be a set of 716 circular stone disks dating back 12,000 years on which tiny hieroglyphic-like markings can be found. Each disc is said to measure up to 1 foot in diameter and carry two grooves, originating from a hole in their centre, in the form of a double spiral.

The discovery of the mysterious discs apparently took place in 1938 in the mountains of Baian Kara-Ula on the border between China and Tibet, where a Chinese professor, Chi Pu Tei, detected regularly aligned rows of graves. The skeletons measured only around four feet in height and had skulls which were large and over developed. 

Inside a nearby cave system, Chi Pu Tei and his team found interesting rock art which depicted figures with round helmets. Engraved in the rock were also the sun, moon, earth and stars, connected by groups of pea-sized dots. Further inside the cave, the team found the collection of stone discs, most of them half buried in the floor of the cave.

Tsum Um Nui

For the next two decades, it is believed that the discs were labelled and stored at Beijing University before being given to Tsum Um Nui for study in 1958. Tsum Um Nui allegedly managed to decipher the hieroglyphic characters after 4 years of study which he claimed told the story of a spacecraft that crash landed in the area of the cave and that the ship contained the Dropa people.  One of the discs apparently said the following: "The Dropa came down from the clouds in their aircraft. Our men, women and children hid in the caves ten times before sunrise. When at last we understood the sign language of the Dropas, we realized that the newcomers had peaceful intentions".

Tsum Um Nui is said to have published his findings 1962 in a professional journal, and was subsequently ridiculed and met with disbelief. Shortly afterwards he is said to have gone to Japan in a self-imposed exile where he died not long after he completed the manuscript of his work.

Russian Involvement

in 1968 the Dropa stones apparently came to the attention of W. Saitsew (also spelt Zaitsev), a Russian scientist who re-published the findings of Tsum Um Nui and conducted tests on the disks that revealed some very peculiar properties. Physically, the granite stones contained high concentrations of cobalt and other metals - a very hard stone indeed that would have made it difficult for the primitive people to carve the lettering, especially with such minute characters. As recorded in the Soviet magazine Sputnik, when testing a disk with an oscillograph, a surprising oscillation rhythm was recorded as if, the scientists said, they had once been electrically charged or had functioned as electrical conductors.

Wegerer

Supposedly, Ernst Wegerer (Wegener) was an Austrian engineer who, in 1974, visited the Banpo Museum in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, where he was able to see two of the Dropa stones. It is said that when he enquired about the discs the manager did not provide him with any information but allowed him to photograph them. He claims that in his photos the hieroglyphs cannot be seen as they have been hidden by the flash from the camera and have also deteriorated.

In 1994, the German scientist Hartwig Hausdorf and colleague Peter Krassa, are said to have visited China and the Banpo museum in Xian in 1994, where they were told that the Director's superiors had ordered the discs destroyed and that officially they do not recognise their existence.  Hausdorf found out that the Chinese government do not have any official record of a tribe called Dropa, neither in the local area of Qinghai or whatsoever in China. 

Have any of the Dropa people survived? 

At the time of the discovery, the cave area was still inhabited by two tribes known as the Hams and the Dropas. Anthropologists have apparently been unable to categorize either tribe into any other known race; they are neither Chinese, Mongol nor Tibetan. They are yellow-skinned with thin bodies and disproportionately large heads, corresponding to the skeletal remains found in the caves in 1938. They have sparse hair on their bodies, have large eyes and their height measures between  3’6” and 4’7” with an average height of 4’2”.

Controversies

The Dropa stones are immersed in controversy with many claiming that it is nothing but a hoax. Among the arguments against their existence are the following:

It has been claimed that Tsum Um Nui is not a real Chinese name. There is no mention of him in China outside of his connection to the Dropa stones. According to Dropa enthusiast Hartwig Hausdorf, Tsum Um Nui is a former Japanese name, but adapted to the Chinese language.

The vast majority of names and sources cannot be corroborated and existence the Soviet or Chinese scholars cannot be found.

While reported to be a tribe of people with pygmy stature, the real Dropas are said to be nomadic herders who inhabit most of the northern Tibetan Plateau and who have regular height.

The only photos of the stone discs do not show any evidence of the hieroglyphs and display a similarity to Bi discs, which are round jade discs dating to around 3000 BC, common in the Shaanxi Province.

It seems unlikely that a scholar was able to decipher and understand a completely unknown language in 4 years. Deciphering ancient writings has usually taken decades for multiple teams of expert linguists and this is even when they can be linked to another known language.

The stone discs were said to have been stored in various museums across China. However, none of these museums have any records or traces of Dropa stone ever being there.

Fact or Fiction?

Are the Dropa stones and the accompanying story simply part of an elaborate hoax or a fanciful story?  Or were hundreds of discs with evidence of extra-terrestrial visitation to Earth really discovered, and the facts surrounding the case covered up?

By April Holloway

References

The Dropa Stone Discs

The 10 Most Puzzling Ancient Artifacts

The Dropa Stone Discs

Dropa

Bad Archaeology. “The Dropa (or Dzopa) stones”

Societies around the world portray distinct characteristics which define their culture.  From the clothes worn; the language spoken and the customs and traditions that are passed from generation to generation, each of these can provide insights into a cultural group.  There are, however, a number of universal customs that are practiced on each continent around the globe.  They include circumcision, death and burial rituals and cranial deformation.  These traditions originated in our remote past.  Their purpose and meaning seemingly lost to the sands of time. 

It was once believed that head modifications developed in Egypt, and then spread around the world.  Researchers have concluded that this phenomenon was not isolated to one geographic area and then disseminated out into the surrounding areas.  Instead, this bizarre hallmark of ancient societies sprang up around the world in different cultural groups independently.  Many have come to believe it to be an inherent step in the evolution of a group's culture. 

Cranial deformation is a distinct and painful tradition.  The objective of cranial deformation is to elongate the shape of the head.  This procedure, once performed, cannot be reversed.  More importantly, individuals who have had the procedure performed, unlike circumcision cannot conceal it.  It is a permanent visible marker that identifies not only a cultural group, but also select individuals within that society.  When a child is born, the infants head is fashioned or molded into a unique long and slender shape.  The simplest method a caregiver employed was to put pressure on, or gently massage the child's head daily until the desired shape is achieved.  The second method constrains the child's head in a mechanical device which, over time, will produce the desired elongated shape.  Head modifications are always performed during infancy.  This is when the cranial bones are still tender and pliable and the sutures between the cranial bones are unfixed.  This allows shaping or reshaping the head.  But why would a mother or caregiver subject her child to such a painful and ongoing process?

Skulls displaying clear signs of cranial deformation surfaced in the archeological record of the early Neolithic Era starting around 10,000 BCE.  The practice of head modifications during the Neolithic era (prior to 5000 BCE) appears episodic.  This may be due to the number of individuals who's heads were modified or could be tied to the limited number of remains that have been unearthed.  Some of the earliest examples of elongated skulls discovered were unearthed in south-eastern Australia in Coobool Creek and Kow Swamp.  Remarkably, finds that date to about the same time were also found in the Shanidar Cave in Iraq.  In the eastern highlands of Brazil, a skull was recovered from Confins Cave that dates back to 7566 BCE.    

Starting around 5,000 BCE, the tradition of skull modification appears to have expanded.  This assumption is based upon the increased number of remains with elongated skulls recovered.  Some researchers believe that the convention of cranial manipulation mushroomed as early hunter-gather societies began to coalesce into urban environments.  Figurines with deformed crania also begin to appear in the archeological record further supporting the antiquity and distribution of this custom. 

In the modern world, the tradition of cranial deformation is often associated with ancient indigenous cultures and not with advanced western civilizations.  If it was practiced in the western world, one might assume that it occurred sometime in our remote past and was abandoned by civilized society.  This is far from the case.  In Europe, researchers, such as neurologist and psychiatrist Achille Foville, documented the practice of cranial deformation in France.  Surveying the crania of inmates at a French public asylum, in 1833, he evaluated 431 individuals at the facility.  His findings revealed a remarkable 50% of the population with clear signs of deformation, with some of them being considered severe in his estimation. 

Regardless of where they have been found, the majority of modified skulls possess striking similarities.  Transverse grooves or depressions have been observed on the skulls indicating pressure was applied to the head.   These early finds, as well as the many other more recent discoveries, all show clear signs of intentional manipulation and were not the result of genetic or congenital issues. 

There are two primary forms of artificial cranial deformation - tabular and circumferential.  Tabular cranial modifications involve the compression of the front or front and back of the child's skull by cradle boarding or other cephalic apparatus.  It is the most prominent type of deformation found around the world and includes unintentional, yet unnatural, variations to the cranium.  After birth, a board is placed on the child's head and is bound in place.  This flattens the child's forehead.  If the child's head is placed between two boards, both the front and the back and bound, the compression results in a more exaggerated and distinctive head shape.  This type of modification causes the skull to expand laterally and superiorly.  Garcilaso de la Vega writing in 1609 described the methods used by the inhabitants of certain regions of Peru.  He states: "From birth they pressed their children's skull between two planks tied together at the ends, which they tightened a little every day...  After three years, a child's skull was deformed for life, so they removed the apparatus."

Head modification by means of the tabular method can occur unintentionally as a side effect of child care practices.  Circumferential modifications, on the other hand, are unquestionably produced intentionally.  Constricting bandages are wrapped like a tight ring around the skull forcing its growth upright.  This method reduces the diameter of the skull while pushing the cranium upward and backward.  Up to three bands were used to produce a conical head form.  Evidence, based upon skulls discovered, suggests that the number of bands applied to select individuals within a community varied.  The more bands used produces a more exaggerated skull shape.  Tight fitting caps or bonnets were also used to produce an elongated appearance to the head. 

Surveys of cranial deformation around the world have also unveiled one other remarkable find.  If the tradition of cranial deformation had originated in one location and then spread across the globe, then one would expect to find large geographic areas in which tabular head shaping methods were uniquely employed and then others that utilized the circular method.  An example of this would be the discovery of only tabular modifications in South and Mesoamerica and circumferential style modifications in Egypt and the Levant.  What we find are many instances where both types are being utilized within relatively close proximity to one another.  For example, for the Aymara culture of the highland area near Tiwanaku, Brazil, the predominant practice was of circumferential compression.  At the same time, in the coastal areas of Peru, tabular deformations were prevalent.  Even in the island countries of Oceania, circular modifications have been found in countries such as Malekula and New Hebrides, while tabular modifications are practiced on the neighboring Solomon Islands and on New Caledonia.  They have also discovered that the methods, customs and traditions used appear the most intense in specific geographic areas and deteriorate as one moves away from this focal point, until finally the practice is no longer performed.  This dispersion suggests that this rite was established in chief cultural centers and then spread into the surrounding areas. 

In addition to the physical manipulation of the cranium, other measures were employed by many cultures to accentuate this modified form.  In some cultures, the hair was pulled back and braided, put into a bun or topknot to further accentuate the elongated shape of the head.  Pointed hats are also believed to have been worn to exaggerate the shape of the head.  The pointed hat that adorned the head of many of the Egyptian pharaohs is an example of this tradition.  In Egypt only the nobility were allowed to wear tall pointed hats symbolizing their elevated status.  The donning of pointed hats was not limited to Egyptian royalty.  Several conical brimless extremely long gold hats have been discovered in central Europe with the earliest one dating to about 1400 BCE.  These obviously were not worn by the common man.  In ancient Greece, slaves that were released from bondage were allowed to wear a pointed hat called a pileus.  Did this indicate their increased social status?  Early art also shows image after image of individuals wearing pointed hats.  Were they emulating this ancient tradition with their clothing?  Even today, the guest of honor at a birthday party will don a pointed hat to symbolize his importance.  Could this tradition be a remnant of a long forgotten past?

Why did people around the world begin this practice?  It has been concluded, especially with circumferential compression, that hats, bands or other apparatus was intentionally applied and was not the unintentional outcome to child rearing practices.  Unfortunately, the original meaning or ritual significance has essentially been lost and in many cases has been replaced by the blind following of an ancient tradition.  In the few traces of beliefs that have survived we do find a consistency and general theme which may reveal at least in part some of our ancestor's underlying motivations.  Many cultures believe that an elongated head indicates increased intelligence.  It was also thought to enhance one's beauty or was a trait to be admired.  Some cultures believe it will make them look fierce in war.

A correlation between deformation and the appearance of social classes has also emerged.  .  In many cultures, a deformed head was an indicator of increased social position.  Extending throughout Europe, a large number of elongated skulls have been discovered in ancient tombs.  These finds by themselves suggest that the interred individuals were viewed as having some kind of elevated social standing which warranted a more elaborate burial.  Parallel finds have been unearthed in Peru.  Some of the most ill-shaped heads were discovered in some of the largest and finest tombs side by side with skulls of normal size and proportion.  A chief or members of the royal family, for example, may exhibit increased deformation, while a priest, shaman or individuals with local eminence may display a less intense modification.  Thus, he who has the longest head was the most noble.  Studies into indigenous cultures like the Native American Chinooks of the Pacific Northwest relay that slaves were never permitted to practice this ritual.  The ancient Macrocephali people of Africa, of whom the word macrocephalic is derived, believed that men of low birth had no right to observe this custom.  This may explain in part why this modification was not equally employed by all members of a community. 

Some cultures report that the practice of cranial deformation was passed on as an edict from the gods.  Ancient Polynesian tradition informs us that this right was brought to them by a group of light-skinned people whose home was in the sky.  In Central America claims are made that this custom was employed because the gods told their ancestors to do it.  They go on to state that the practice makes it easier to carry burdens.  In Peru, the god Manco Cápac ordered the people to perform this strange ritual so that their children would be weak, submissive and obedient. 

It is unclear why the intentional manipulation of the skull was adopted.  This practice, once decided upon, takes years to unfold before a child is grown and enters into a position of power or prestige.  It seems evident that this painful procedure was not a response to some innate primal impulse.  It seems hard to fathom that a parent or caregiver would want to inflict years of relentless pain and discomfort on an infant based upon an ancient fashion trend.  Implementation of elongation would also require long termed planning and commitment on the part of the care giver for it to ever flourish.  If it were something that humanity was compelled to do as part of its social evolution, then it would only make sense that it would be found more widely distributed.  This practice, however, was confined to certain classes and specific geographic areas.  It seems obvious that this tradition was so important to our ancestors that it has lingered and has been passed down through time to the modern era - its meaning and real significance lost. 

The willing decision to adopt this practice around the world overnight seems unlikely.  Perhaps, this is not a haphazard invention of our ancestors, as is currently believed.  It seems more likely this practice was imposed upon the people by an outside source.  The special knowledge required by caregivers to implement this delicate procedure appears to have developed overnight.  Then, when we take into account the uniformity of the methodology, tools and techniques used by cultures around the world, it is difficult to accept that the practice originated independently.  French naturalist, Jean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Bréau, writing in 1889, did not believe that the extraordinary similarities between the skulls could have come about autonomously or as a natural impulse of the human race and asserts that the evidence points to a worldwide culture in archaic times.   Who were these people who imposed the tradition of cranial deformation on our ancestors?  Survivors of the great flood as recorded in the Bible?  Remnants of the Atlantian legacy?  Or members of an extraterrestrial race?   We do not have the answer to that question right now, but as more evidence is unearthed the true origin of this practice will be revealed.

By  Dr. Rita Louise

© Copyright Body, Mind & SoulHealer – www.soulhealer.com 2013. All rights reserved.

About The Author:

Bestselling author and Medical Intuitive, Dr. Rita Louise is the host of Just Energy Radio and the Founder of the Institute Of Applied Energetics. She is the author of the books Man-Made: The Chronicles Of Our Extraterrestrial Gods, Avoiding The Cosmic 2X4, Dark Angels: An Insider's Guide To Ghosts, Spirits & Attached Entities and The Power Within as well as hundreds of articles that have been published worldwide. She has appeared on radio and television and has spoken at conferences covering topics such as health and healing, ghosts, intuition, ancient mysteries and the paranormal.  For more information about Dr. Rita please visit http://www.soulhealer.com or listen to her live at http://www.justenergyradio.com.

In ancient China, dating back to at least 5,000 BC, large stone discs were placed on the bodies of Chinese aristocrats, however their original function still eludes scientists, as does the way in which they were made considering they were carved out of Jade, an extremely hard rock.

Jade is a precious hardstone that is made of different silicate minerals and is often used to make vases, jewellery and other ornaments.  It is usually colourless, but contamination from other materials such as chrome normally gives it an emerald greenish colour, and it comes in two main types: nephrite and jadeite.  Give the hardness of the stone, Jade is an extremely difficult material to work with, which makes it perplexing as to why the ancient Neolithic inhabitants of China chose this stone, considering that they did not have metal tools at the time.

The Jade discs, often called bi discs, are round flat rings created from nephrite by the Liangzhu culture during the late Neolithic Period. They appear to have been very important to their society because they have been found to be laid on the bodies of the dead in almost all important tombs of the Hongshan culture (3800 – 2700 BC), and carried on into the Liangzhu culture (3000 – 2000 BC), which used large and heavy discs. The stones were place in prominent positions on the body of the deceased, usually near the stomach or the chest, and often contained symbols relating to the sky. The Chinese word for jade is ‘YU’ which means pure, treasure, and noble.

Since they were made in a period of time that no metal tools existed, according to archaeologists they were probably made initially through brazing and polishing, which would take an extremely long time to achieve. However one thing is obvious, that the Jade Discs were made by skilful people, using a material used that is rare and extremely difficult to work with. So the obvious question here is ‘Why?’.

It is logical to assume that the importance of those stone discs may be connected to their Gods ‘coming from the sky’, or on the other hand, it could just be a representation of the Sun or of the wheel – as it was during the Zhou Dynasty.  During a war, the loser had to hand over the Jade Disks as a sign of submission to the conqueror, which shows the importance of the Jade stones and that they weren’t merely ornaments.

Then there is a matter of the Dropa stones, which coincidentally have the  same shape and even though the story of the Dropa stones is based on David Agamon’s 1978 book titled ‘Sungods in Exile’, the truth is that stories about the Dropa stones pre-existed David Agamon’s ‘science fiction’ book. Is it possible that the Liangzhu Jade stones are related to the Dropa stones? And if yes, then it seems they would be related to the ‘Gods’ (as the Dropa stones apparently were) and thus the importance of them is apparent.

The Smithsonian Institute shows a great interest in Jade Discs and has invested a lot into researching them, not to mention that they have a stock of more than 150 Jade disks at their disposal.

Jade discs have been a puzzle to archaeologists for centuries, but because they were made in a period of time that no writing existed, their significance is still unknown to us and the question of ‘Why’ remains unanswered.

By John Black

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35 miles north of Dover, a 40 minutes drive, one can find the English town Margate in Kent - a coastal town with 57,000 inhabitants and a proud maritime history. Since 1760 Margate has been a favorite holiday destination for many Londoners for its sandy beaches. In the course of time, there have been some violent fires that burned down some of the historic buildings. In the middle of the last century, the fierce fighting between different groups caused the coastal town to fall somewhat into oblivion. Although the site does its best to have the look of a fashionable holiday resort, it is a typical English seaside with faded glory. Along the promenade you will find hotels, fish 'n chip shops and the clocktower. The tower was built in 1887 in honor of the 50th anniversary of Queen Victoria. Further to the port you will find a bronze statue of the shell lady - a figure based on souvenir dolls, made ​​of shells. This lady represents Mrs. Sophie Booth, the landlady of painter JMW Turner (1775-1851) who lived on the sea side in her home. Turner is known for his paintings of seascapes. This house is now a museum for contemporary art.

Grotto

What makes Margate special is the presence of a mysterious grotto. The grotto lies under houses with gardens at no more than two meters depth.

The word grotto originally comes from the Italian word grotto, in Latin crypta.  Caves or grotto's can be formed artificially or naturally. In natural formation, limestone (calcite) solves in carbonated water. If this happens you will often find stalactites there.

Caves have always played an important role in human history. They have been used as shelter or as a place to honor. In, among others, Lascaux (France) the beautiful rock paintings prove that. In the ancient Roman Empire, grotto's also played an important role. The oracle of Delphi spoke in a grotto and the largest and oldest cemetery near Rome was found in one. In Homer’s Odyssey, a grotto had a key role when Odysseus defeated the cyclops Polyphemus. Plato used the grotto in an allegory for his views on the human condition and to explain human knowledge in relation to reality.  Even today there are grotto's where people venerate. For instance the cave of Massabielle in Lourdes where the Virgin Mary is said to have appeared to Bernadette in 1858.

From the 16th century onwards people created grotto's in Italian and French gardens. Decorated with fountains, waterfalls, water nymphs, precious stones and shells they were used as baths, chapels or theaters. It is known that there are about 20 to 30 grotto's of this type in England. However, it is surprising that the town of Margate, in a distant corner of Kent, has two. (The second grotto: the Margate caves have been closed since 2004 due to safety and health risks.)

The shell grotto

In 1835, the local school principal James Newlove wanted to build a duck pond in his garden. While digging, his shovel disappeared into an opening underneath a displaced capstone.

He lowered his son Joshua on a rope to retrieve the item. Upon returning the boy spoke of tunnels full of shell decorations.

To facilitate access to the cave a horizontal access was dug and the grotto was first opened to the public in 1837. The dark corridors were lit by gas lamps. The entrance Newlove used is now closed by a blind door. The current entrance is on grotto hill, a street that clearly has had its day. The grotto is privately owned but is on the list of buildings of architectural or historical interest by English Heritage.

What makes the shell grotto of Margate so mysterious is that there is nothing known about it. We do not know when the grotto was built, by whom and for what purpose. That much time and effort is spent is clear from the decorations that you find in there. More than 4.6 million seashells, spread over 21 meters in length (over 600 m²) mosaic of shells, decorate each piece of the wall and ceiling of the grotto. Since the discovery in 1835 people have speculated about the true meaning of this place.

By descending a few steps from a pub you enter a room where the history of the grotto is told. From there you can enter the grotto through the new entrance, the only corridor that is not decorated. This corridor is 2 ½ meters high and more than 1 meter wide and comes out in two tunnels leading to the roundabout. Where the two tunnels of the roundabout get back together there is a dome of one meter diameter, containing an opening to the outside of 40 centimeters. This is the original hole in which James Newlove dropped his shovel. From the dome, a winding corridor leads to the altar room. Immediately upon entering you see the altar. The eastern wall and ceiling were severely damaged in 1940 during a bombardment.

The walls of the grotto are divided into sectors and each one has a specific topic. Many of the designs may be interpreted in several ways. Sometimes, the design is reminiscent of Indian or Egyptian designs. With a little imagination you can create a turtle, a crocodile, trees, flowers, gods, goddesses, a sun, a moon, the tree of life, trumpets, a three-pointed star and even recognize a phallus. You will, however, find no symbols referring to Christianity.

Part 2

By Annemieke Witteveen

Images © Annemieke Witteveen

Ninety-nine per cent of the shells that were used in the Margate shell grotto (eg mussels, oysters, clams, whelk, razors and limpet) are from shellfish that occur along the English coast. Only in the altar room one can find some exotic shells from the Caribbean, such as the pink wing horn. In earlier times it must have been a beautiful, colorful place, but nowadays the shells have a dirty and drab appearance. That is due to the use of the gas lamps in the past that left a layer of soot behind on the shells. Cleaning with water would have a devastating impact and one stresses now on conservation.

(Image: Example of an original wall decorations and a replica to indicate the difference in colour)

Some panels have some sort of medallion. These were made above ground and later

fastened on the wall in the grotto. Approximately 100 of these medallions are gone because visitors took them as souvenirs. Unfortunately, the documents with graphics of the original decorations were lost in the relocation of the library of Margate. The route one navigates through the grotto could be a symbol for a lifetime: the entrance is your birth, you walk the path of your life and the journey ends at the heavenly afterlife.

Illustration of the many symbols and decorations. Created by the previous owners Nellie  and Conan Shaw.

How old can the grotto be?

Researchers have dated the grotto everywhere from prehistoric to Roman and Ancient Phoenician to the 18th century!

Because of the poor and dirty condition of the shells, it is almost impossible to determine the exact age of the cave with radiocarbon dating.  Because traces of the use of tools is absent it is not possible to investigate the age of the grotto accurately.

There have been several different samples taken of the mortar with which the shells are mounted on the wall. It showed that several compounds had been used, mostly based on fish-like material known as Roman cement.

According to locals it is most logical that the grotto dates from the time of Queen Victoria. At that time fishing for shellfish increased to such an extent that there were enough shells left as a byproduct to use as decoration. Queen Victoria reigned from 1837 to 1901. That would mean that the shell grotto was probably built less than 100 years before the rediscovery in 1835, without anyone remembering that. In a village there are always oral traditions of huge construction projects such as the grotto would have been.

However, until the opening of the shell grotto in 1837 no one was aware of its existence. The arch construction of the ceiling might indicate creation in the 14th century. This construction however, is not chosen for its architectural design, but for practical reasons. A flat roof would bring a collapse hazard. The argument that the grotto may have been built after 1600 because they did not use wheelbarrows before that year to bring the carved limestone to the surface is not credible.

The claim that the cave originates from the Phoenician period would seem far-fetched. The highlight of this civilization was based in what is now Lebanon and Syria and was between 1500 and 400 BC. The Phoenicians were known as excellent sailors and are responsible for our use of the alphabet. However, the town of Margate is the most easterly point of Kent. This part of Kent was formerly separated from the mainland by the River Wantsum and is called Isle of Thanet. The name Thanet comes from the Phoenician goddess Tanit. Often depicted as a stylistic figure which shows great similarity with an Ankh.

Image of Phoenician goddess Tanit. Source: Wikimedia

Early June 2013, ​​the Society of Wessex archeology announced that at Pegwell Bay (5 miles from Margate) an old cemetery was found with bodies dating from the early Bronze Age (ca. 1500 BC). In those days, the deceased were usually cremated and it was not customary to bury them. Could this be a cemetery of the Phoenician navigators ? (Source: the Daily Mail, June 5, 2013)

What is the purpose of the grotto?

Was the grotto used as a temple by old pagan religions or as a meeting place for a secret society?  Oriental motifs found on the walls of the grotto have led to speculations about Phoenicians, Romans, Knights Templars, mystics and magicians. The fact is that no one really knows why the shells grotto was built. Some obvious statements however can easily be refuted.

It is not logical that the grotto was used as a dungeon as some have suggested. Dungeons clearly do not need beautifully decorated walls and ceilings.

The grotto was also not used as a quarry. There are other, more obvious places to acquire limestone and quarries are not excavated in the shape of arch structures.

It also can not be true that the grotto was used as a smugglers cave. They certainly use to smuggle a lot in this region. However, the grotto is situated on a hill too far away from the sea. There would be tunnels that run to the shore and at least one escape tunnel. They are not there. A repository for contraband would not need to be decorated so beautifully.

Throughout the whole of England you can find so called Follies. These are useless structures with no other purpose than decoration and displaying wealth to the outside world. After 1700 A.D. the rich built arbors and grottos near their stately homes, which were richly decorated, often left with shells. The shell grotto was built on what was once farmland and no one could perceive the wealth because it is underground. The theory of  a Folly therefore does not make sense.

That the cave was used as a place of worship is obvious. At the end of the hallway is an altar. The roundabout might have played a major role.  In several World Religions running or walking concentrically is common to get in touch with the gods. The Dervishes dance endless laps to get in ecstasy and thus get closer to God. The Bible tells us the story of the people of Jericho needing to walk seven rounds around the city to bring down its walls.  Muslims walk seven rounds during their Hajj around the sacred stone of the Kaaba in Mecca to be elevated. Was the roundabout in the cave also walked around as a way of getting in touch with a higher power?

Researcher Mick Twyman of the Margate historical society thinks that the grotto might have been built in the 12th century. He explains the link between the grotto and the temple knights. During his research, he did not let himself be distracted by the possible significance of the designs in the shells. He just looked at the size and construction of the grotto itself. He came to his conclusion by carefully measuring the angles in the grotto and observing the position of projected sunlight on the dome. On June 21st at 12:00, the light that is passing through the dome looks like an egg that reflects on the belly of a mosaic snake. Then the light is reflected by square openings in the top of the cave that directs the light to the altar in the rectangular altar room. Can there be a link to the Mayan culture who allowed, in the construction of Chitzen Itza, the serpent to descend along the steps of the temple on the exact same day and time?

Between March and October (the fertility season according to the Ancient Celts) the projection of sunlight on the dome might have been used as a sundial. Based on this phenomenon and complex mathematical calculations, taking into account the changing angle of the equinox every 72 years,Twyman calculated that the construction of the grotto must have taken place around 1141 AD.

According to Twyman, the designs in the cave show references to early Masonic rituals. Above the entrance to the altar room was a cornerstone and for performing Royal Arch Masonry (an initiatory degree in Freemasonry) they needed an altar. Masonic symbols such as compass, square, star of David, pentagram, tetrahedon, panels with symbols of Ancient Gods like the two heavenly light rays and the Pleiadian constellation can be found in the grotto.

During my visit to the cave I had a strong feeling that a female power was worshiped in the cave. The fact that shells resemble a womb reinforced that feeling. During my research for writing this article, I noticed the resemblance between the 8-pointed star (an important symbol in several cultures, associated with creation) as it occurs repeatedly on the walls of the grotto in Margate and the star of Ishtar, the goddess of Mesopotamia (or known as Inanna in Sumeria) that represents fertility, love, war and sex. Ishtar is also associated with the planet Venus. Could it be that the opening in the dome was used to observe the planet Venus to determine the correct time of worship?

Who created ​​the grotto and for what purpose will always remain unclear. It is clear that the designer must have been highly trained and must have had knowledge of other cultures to merge in patterns made of millions of shells. Every theory concerning the grotto is based on wisdom hidden in the design. If the builder had no other goal than speculation, conjecture and controversy, his mission is accomplished.

The Victorian novelist Marie Corelli blamed the lack of recognition for the shell grotto to its location "as the special and beautiful underground temple was found in anywhere else than Margate, it would certainly be recognized as one of the wonders of the world."

Part 1

By Annemieke Witteveen

The grotto can be visited untill the end of the tourist season daily between 10.00 and 17.00.
Address: Grotto Hill, Margate.
Admission is only £ 3.50 per person
http://shellgrotto.co.uk

In 2001, a team of archaeologists found four skeletons at an archaeological site on the island of South Uist in the Outer Hebrides in Scotland. At first, it appeared to be a typical Bronze Age discovery, but the researchers soon discovered that the finding was far from normal.

The skeletons, one male and one female, were buried in the foetal position. Initial tests revealed that the male had died in around 1600 BC and the female had died in approximately 1300 BC. However, the scientists were perplexed at some of the characteristics of the remains, for example the fact that the skeletons were very highly flexed, so they conducted further analyses. To their astonishment, they found that although the male had died in around 1600 BC, he had not been buried until a full six centuries later, in around 1,000 BC. Similarly, the female was not buried until 300 years after her death. This was highly unusual since any skeletons left unburied for that length of time would have ended up as just a pile of bones.

At closer inspection, the research team discovered that the bodies had once been preserved, which permanently held the skeletons together. Using modern forensic techniques, it was found that the outer 2mm of the bone had been demineralised, which is consistent with preservation caused by submersion in a peat bog for between 6 and 18 months. The discovery was unique because it is the only place in Great Britain where prehistoric mummies have been found.

Evidence suggests that the bodies were purposely preserved and later retrieved from the bog and set up inside a dwelling, presumably having religious significance.  Sheffield University Professor Mike Parker Pearson believes the mummies played an important part in their society, and as part of ancestral worship, may have been asked for spiritual advice to help the community make decisions.

However, the story did not end here, because a decade later, another incredibly finding was made. Further DNA examination of the remains led to the startling discovery that the two skeletons were actually made up of body parts from six different individuals! In the male skeleton, the torso, skull and neck, and lower jaw belonged to three separate men, and the female skeleton is a composite formed from a male skull, a female torso, and the arm of a third person whose gender had not been determined. Carbon dating revealed that the skull of the ‘female’ mummy is 50 to 200 years older than the torso. It appears that the mummies were made up of parts from people in the same families and then put together like a jigsaw to make it look like they were just one person.

Archaeologists have no idea why the remains were mummified and then mixed together. However, Parker Pearson believes that the mixing of remains was done to combine different ancestries of families to create a ‘symbolic ancestor’ that literally embodied traits from multiple lineages.

“These could be kinship components, they are putting lineages together, the mixing up of different people's body parts seems to be a deliberate act,” he said.

However, Terry Brown, a professor of biomedical archaeology at the University of Manchester, is more cynical and believes that the Bronze Age people of South Uist were just practical: "Maybe the head dropped off and they got another head to stick on."

By April Holloway

Relted Links

Frankenstein Bog Mummies Discovered in Scotland

Scottish Frankenstein Mummies

Mummification in Bronze Age Britain

If we take a close look into the history of humanity we will see that societies have never been undisturbed for a long period of time. It would be either wars or mysterious and unexplained plagues. Are these plagues random event or is something more sinister triggering them? Let’s see what history tells us about the devastating plagues that have come before us.

In the period before Christ, when a plague happened it was always considered an ‘act of God’ (or Gods). In all mythologies and religions that has always been the case. One of those famous plagues was the Seven Plagues of Egypt that God, through Moses, threw to the Egyptian Empire during the famous Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt. The seven plagues according to the Bible show a clear and deliberate intervention of God with a specific goal in mind – help his followers and show his power no matter what.

“And the river shall bring forth frogs abundantly, which shall go up and come into thine house, and into thy bedchamber, and upon thy bed, and into the house of thy servants, and upon thy people, and into thine ovens, and into thy kneading troughs. And the frogs shall come up both on thee, and upon thy people, and upon all thy servants. Exodus: 8:3-4”

“I've also done it so you can tell your children and grandchildren about how I made a mockery of the Egyptians and about the signs I displayed among them--and so you will know that I am the LORD.” Exodus 10:2

Another famous plague (before Christ) was the Plague of Athens which took place in about 430 BC during the second year of the Peloponnesian War and at a critical phase when the Athenians were about to win the war – the result changed the course of the events. It was an Era of corruption where ancient Greek Religion didn’t have its power anymore, people were unfaithful and the Gods seemed to have abandoned the Greeks. According to the oracle of Delphi, Apollo himself was responsible for the disease who supported the opposite party (Sparta) instead of Athens. Historian Thucydides refers to the Plague of Athens extensively in his writing.

“This year, by confession of all men, was of all other, for other diseases, most free and healthful. If any man were sick before, his disease turned to this; if not, yet suddenly, without any apparent cause preceding and being in perfect health, they were taken first with an extreme ache in their heads, redness and inflammation of the eyes; and then inwardly, their throats and tongues grew presently bloody and their breath noisome and unsavoury.” Thucydides, The History of the Peloponnesian War

After Christ one of the major plagues was the Justinian Plague that struck the Byzantine Empire under the reign of Justinian, one of the most powerful emperors of Byzantine. The plague coincidentally happened during Justinian’s plans to start a series of military campaigns (a genocide) to reclaim the land that once was of the Roman Empire. And this is when in the middle of the sixth century BC a deadly disease appeared. The causalities of the pandemic numbered between 25 and 100 million in Europe and Asia. Recent research suggests that the plague probably was caused by a bacteria, the same bacteria that is also connected to other pandemics including the later Black Death. However, it is unknown how this bacteria appeared. Historical references of that era mention a series of unusual aerial phenomena that occurred at the time the plague struck. One of the historians, Gregory of Tours, documented a series of phenomena during the plague years, including bright lights appearing around the sun and the heavens being on fire. Other reports from France mentioned bright illuminated night sky making it like a day and an immense ‘dragon’ floating through the city and down to the sea which preceded an immediate outbreak of the plague in the area. And even if some of those events may be related to phenomena like the ‘sun dog’ effect, some of them cannot been explained. Could it be meteorites crashing on Earth bringing with them deadly bacteria and viruses? Or was it the conscious intervention of the ‘Gods’ to punish humanity and alter history as was written in the past?

Later on, the Black Death was another major plague that appeared between 1347 and 1350 and lasted up to the late 1600s. In total, it is approximated to have killed over 100 million people. The Black Death began in Asia and then spread to Europe. One of the strange characteristic of the Black Death is that it was spread at such a speed and in ways that seem impossible given the lack of air travel in those days. The plague would seem to just inexplicably appear at the same time in multiple different areas. Most of the historical reports on the plague would mention a smelly mist that would precede the outbreak. At the same time strange bright lights in the sky would be reported and those reports were from multiple locations. Before the first outbreak of the plague, many comets were seen over Europe. Again we have the same pattern as with the Justinian plague: strange phenomena accompanying the plague. Of course this plague was also attributed to the wrath of God.

The plagues mentioned in this article are only a few. Whether they have been ‘natural’ events or events triggered by meteors or an actual intervention of the ‘Gods’ is yet to be discovered. However, it has become obvious that something is not right and the pattern keeps repeating in all of those major plagues. Bacteria that can survive a comet impact on Earth has been recently proven making the theory of extra-terrestrial bacteria responsible for such diseases more probable.

William Bramley in his book the Gods of Eden he has done an excellent research into the history of humanity, and his conclusion was pretty alarming.

By John Black

Related Links

The 7 Plagues

Top 10 Worst Plagues in History

The Gods of Eden, Book

Related Books

When archaeologists excavated the ancient burial site “El Cementerio,” near the Mexican village of Onavas, they made a shocking discovery. They unearthed 25 skulls, 13 of which were elongated and pointy at the back and did not look entirely human.

The burial site was first discovered by residents of the small village of Onavas back in 1999 when work was being carried out to build an irrigation system. It is the first pre-Hispanic cemetery found in the northern Mexican state of Sonora, and dates back around 1,000 years.

Out of the 25 individuals unearthed, 17 of them were children between 5 months and 16 years of age and only 1 was female. The children had no signs of disease or trauma indicating a cause of death. 

Experts have theorized that the deformity of the skulls were intentionally produced through the ritual of head flattening, otherwise called cranial deformation, in which the skull is compressed between two wooden boards from childhood. Although the practice was common among pre-Hispanic populations of Mesoamerica and western Mexico, it is the first time that elongated skulls have been found in north of Mexico.

The earliest examples of cranial deformation extend back to the Neolithic Era approximately 10,000 years ago, and the practice has existed among many cultures around the world. The reason for the practice, however, is less clear. Some tribes have reported that they believe that those with elongated heads have greater intelligence. Other reasons have included enhanced beauty, increased social standing, or making them look fierce in war.

Brien Foerster, author and expert on elongated skulls, has presented some of the most spectacular research on the subject. He has found that while most skulls show clear signs of deliberate cranial deformation, there are a percentage of skulls - those found in Paracus, Peru - which are anatomically different and which cannot be explained by practices of head flattening. These skulls, he said, have a cranial volume that is 25% larger than conventional human skulls (cranial deformation does not increase volume), and which weigh 60% more. Brien Foerster outlines further differences: “they contain two small holes in the back of the skull, perpendicular to the cranial suture present in the parietal plate of the skull. Every normal human skull is composed of 3 major bone plates; the frontal plate, which ends at the upper part of the forehead, and the 2 parietal plates which lie behind this, intersecting the frontal plate making a “T” shape. The holes are thought by Lloyd to be natural; every human jaw has a small hole on either side which is for nerves and blood vessels to exit and feed the tissue there; these 2 holes at the back of the skull may perform the same function for the elongated skull. The other factor is that there is only one parietal plate, where there should be two.”

These findings are quite dramatic, yet strangely unreported in mainstream publications and media reports.

By April Holloway

Related Links

The World-wide Mysterious Phenomena of Elongated Skulls

Elongated Human Skulls Of Peru: Possible Evidence Of A Lost Human Species?